2014年9月全國英語等級考試三級真題（閱讀）
轉眼2016下半年公共英語考試即將來臨，不少同學也正在準備2016下半年公共英語考試，但也有不少同學表示在網上買的真題沒有2014-2016年的真題，下面yjbys網小編將公共英語考試的歷年真題都進行匯總。2016年3月的PETS真題已經整理出來，今天再將2014年9月的PETS-3級真題整理好，提前助大家順利備考、復習。
2014年9月全國英語等級考試三級真題及答案
閱讀 Part A
Directions:
Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
Text 1
Today there are three different kinds of New Yorkers: the people who act as if they were born here; the people who are here and wish to be elsewhere; and the collection of virtual New Yorkers all over the world, who wish they were hying in New York. These are the three States of mind and what they have in common are longing and illusion. In fact, it' s a city of dreamers.
What makes New York special? New Yorkers are convinced of its speciainess--but Toronto is more diverse, London is larger, Washington is more powerful. So why does New York think it' s the capital of the world?
People often explain the problems in European cities by citing inequality. But New York today is one of the most unequal cities in America. In 2010, 1 percent of New Yorkers earned 45 percent of its income. That works out to an average of $ 3.7 million a year for the city' s top 34,500 households. The average daily income of this group is greater than the average annual income of the city's bottom 10 percent.
So why would people still come to try their luck in this tough place? Is it opportunity or illu- sion that draws them?
They come because any newcomer can find a place in the hierarchy of New York. If you look at a New York City restaurant, for example, the cook might be French, the people washing dishes might be Mexican, the hostess might be Russian, the owner might be British. They arc not all equal. They earn different rates. But they work together to get food to hungry people.
What New York demonstrates is this: immigration works. The city can use its immigrants, even the illegal ones. Though they broke the law by illegally crossing the borders, the city' s econ- omy would be a shell of itself had they not, and it would collapse if they were deported. Attracted here by the founding myth of the city, each immigrant is seeking to escape from history, personal and political. For him, New York is the city of the second chance.
46. The writer mentions the three kinds of New Yorkers to stress that_______
A. they share the same longingB. they are in pursuit of dreams
C. they are proud of their birthplace D. they wish to live in another place
47. In the eyes of New Yorkers, their city is_______
A. powerful
B. diverse
C. special
D. large
48. The figures in paragraph 3 are given to show that New York_______
A. favors the lucky
B. favors tue locals
C. is a city of inequality
D. is a city of opportunities
49. People keep coming to New York because they can find jobs that_______
A. challenge them
B. suit them well
C. pay them well
D. raise their status
50. It is hnplied in the text that New York is_______
A. a tolerant city
B. a wealthy city
C. a mythical city
D. a historical city
閱讀 Part A Text 2
We' ve read how babies stare longer and cry less when held by pretty people, and heard tales of handsome children doing better in school, given special attention by their teachers. In life, as in love, beautiful people seem to have it awfully easy. But what if we told you that when it comes to online dating, good looks could actually hurt you?
According to a recent survey of 43,000 users by OK Cupid, an online dating site, the moremen disagree about a woman' s looks, the more they end up liking her. What does that mean for ladies looking for a match? " We now have mathematical evidence that minimizing your weaknesses' is the opposite of what you should do," says the site's co-founder, Christian Rudder. "If you' re a little fat, play it up. If you have a big nose, play it up. Statistically, the guys who don't like it can only help you, and the ones who do like it will be all the more excited. "
The results of this study end up highlighting an idea that recent scientific research does indeed support. Which is this: the beautiful may have it good, but online, as in work and life, women who are too attractive don't always have an advantage.
Beauty creates more competition--among women, taught they must out-look each other for men and jobs and everyday satisfaction; and among men, who are competing for the most attrac- tive prize. All of which might help explain why 47 percent of corporate recruiters believe it' s pos- sible for a woman to suffer for being "too good-looking" ; why attractive women tend to face heightened examination from their female peers; or, finally, why men on OK Cupid end up con- tacting women who may ultimately be less attractive--because it removes the opposition. "If you suspect other men are uninterested, it means less competition," explains Rudder. "You might start thinking: maybe she's lonely., maybe she's just waiting to find a guy who appreciates her. at least I won' t get lost in the crowd. "
In the end, being beautiful will always have its blessings--but sometimes, there' s more to an
advantage than meets the eye.
51. It is generally believed that beautiful people_______
A. have less difficult in life
B. are less worried about love
C. pay less attention to others
D. like to gaze at lovely babies
52. The OK Cupid survey found that men' s arguments over a woman' s looks
A. have little meaning
B. benefit online dating
C. will actually hurt her
D. add to her popularity
53. Christian Rudder advises women to_______
A. play up their physical advantages
B. view their popularity scientifically
C. highlight their physical weaknesses
D. accept guys who are willing to help
54. The attitude of women toward their attractive peers is_______
A. critical
B. friendly
C. conservative
D. straightforward
55. The main idea of the text is that a woman' s good looks_______
A. help to shape ideas of beauty
B. can put her at a disadvantage
C. end up with blessings for her
D. will always appeal to the eye
閱讀 Part A Text 3
Camps have always reflected children's dreams and parents' fears. In the 1880s, many middle-class families worried that industrial society had broken off some tie to the frontier. Boys were growing soft: too much time with their mothers and teachers, not enough manly activity. So the early camps promised to take weakly boys out into camp life in the woods so that the pursuit of health could be combined with the practical knowledge.
Those first campers were wilderness tourists; today a wilderness is anyplace without band- width. Allowing cell phone contradicts the point of sleepaway ——camp : if 19th century campers were meant to regain lost survival skills, 21st century campers need to work on their social skill. They are often missing some basic interactive instruments; fantastically digitally aware, they are less familiar with the ideas of sharing their space, their stuff or the attention of the adults around them. For kids who are allowed to text during dinner, who have their parents whenever they get in trouble or need a ride, a little self-government is probably long overdue.
Most camps require kids to leave their phones at home, which shows that the resistance often comes not from the kids but from parents. It' s known that parents pack off their children with two cell phones, so they can hand over one and still be able to slip away and call. Parents question camp directors about why they can' t reach their kids by phone. Some services let camps post news and pictures to help the families feel as if they are with the kids at camp. But that just invites inquiry about why Johnny looks sad or how Jenny' s jeans got torn.
Even as they yield in varying degrees to the demands of parents, camps endeavor to tell us our kids need a break from our eager interest and exhausting expectations. Camps talk about building independence, argue that having kids learn to solve their own problems and turn to peers and counselors for support is a key part of the experience. The implications are clear. They' re lighting campfires, hiding and seeking, doing things-that feel wonderfully improper if just because they involve getting dirtier than usual. Nothing to worry about, Mom.
56. The whole point of camp in the 19th century is to _______
A. acquire the lost survival skills
B. escape from industrial society
C. enjoy beautiful natural scenery
D. explore the woods in the frontier
57. For campers today, wilderness is where______
A. they cannot use cell phones
B. they can realize their dreams
C. they stay far away from home
D. they are trained to be stronger
58. According to the text, today' s kids are______
A. aware of governing themselves
B. skilled in social communication
C. good at using electronic devices
D. short of the attention from adults
59. After seeing the posted news and pictures of their kids at camp, parents would feel ______
A. curious
B. pleasant
C. relieved
D. worried
60. As stated in the last paragraph, camps suggest parents______
A. take back their kids' cell phones
B. leave their kids alone for a while
C. let their kids have a rest from study
D. call their kids only when necessary
閱讀 Part B
Directions:
Read the following texts in which five people wrote about being a vegetarian. For questions 61-65, match the name of each person (61-65) to one of the statements (A-G) given below. Mark youranswers on your ANSWER SHEET.
Laurie:
It is encouraging to see that, whether out of sympathy for animals or a concern for their own health or both, people are starting to realize that it does not pay to eat too far up on the food chain.
Meat need not be what is for dinner. Factory farming is barbaric and cruel. Every person who re-duces the use of animals in his life is performing a lifesaving act.
Jeff:
I am ready to be a vegetarian, but in our country, farmers, food producers, restaurants and su- permarkets are not prepared to support me. We all know that it is much easier and less expensive to get a hamburger at McDonald' s or Chinese takeout or a roast chicken from the supermarket than it is to take the time to shop for, assemble and cook a tasty, nutritious and fulfilling vegetarian meal.
Rod:
I've heard another term for vegetarians: beady-eyed vegetarians. They' 11 eat things with beady eyes ( fish, chicken) but not with big, sad eyes ( cows, lambs). A friend of mine explained it by saying he would eat only things he thought he could kill himself. He figures he can kill a fish but not a cow. That seems like a more honest and consistent rationale than some of the others I' ve heard.
Jerry:
As a moral vegetarian, I have found that there is great misunderstanding about vegetarian principles in our society. While some vegetarians keep off animals as a matter of health, we moral vegetarians don' t want other animals to live for us, nor do we want other animals to die for us, as they do for food, clothing and wasteful scientific research. All animals live for their own sake, not for mine.
Ellen:
Why do some people think that animals and human beings are the same? In my opinion, a hu-man life is worth a lot more than an animal' s. I think that we must stop thinking of meat eaters as killers. Vegetarians also kill vegetable life. Is there any difference? Eat vegetables and meat; both help you to be healthy and allow you to have all the nutrients your bodies need.
Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement.
Note: there are two extra statements.
Statements
61. Laurie
62. Jeff
63. Rod
64. Jerry
65. Ellen
A. All animals have the right to live for themselves.
B. Some vegetarians in fact eat small-sized animals.
C. Vegetarians need to do more to save animals'lives.
D. Some people have overstressed the rights of animals.
E. Vegetarians should be consistent in their eating habits.
F. How can I become a vegetarian without a favorable environment?
G. Eating less meat saves not only the life of animals but also that of your own.
參考答案：
閱讀Part A Text 1
當今有三種不同類型的紐約人：第一種表現得好像他們生來就在紐約;第二種雖然在紐約卻希望生活在別處;第三種是來自世界各地的一群希望生活在紐約的虛擬紐約人。這是三種不同的心態，其共同點是憧憬和幻想。事實上，這是一座夢想家的城市。
是什么使得紐約與眾不同?紐約人確信紐約是獨一無二的—但是多倫多更加多元化，倫敦更大，華盛頓更有權勢。那么，為什么紐約認為自己是世界之都呢?人們常常說歐洲的城市問題是不平等。但是當今的紐約是美國最不平等的城市之一。2010年，l%的紐約人的收入占到全紐約的45%。這意味著這個城市最有錢的34，500個家庭的平均年收入是370萬美元。這個群體平均日收入要多于這個城市最貧窮的l0%的人的平均年收入。那么，為什么仍然有人愿意到這樣一個不平等的地方來碰運氣呢?吸引他們來到這里的是機會還是幻覺?他們來到這里是因為任何新來者都可以在紐約的不同層級中找到自己的位置。例如，你隨便看一家紐約的飯店，他們的廚師可能是法國人，洗盤子的可能是墨西哥人，女服務員可能是俄羅斯人，店主人可能是英國人。他們并不完全平等。他們賺得不同的收入。但是他們一起工作把食物提供給饑餓的人們。紐約向我們展示的是：移民很有用。這座城市利用它的移民，甚至非法移民。雖然他們非法跨越邊境破壞了法律，但是如果他們不那樣做，這座城市的經濟將只是一個空殼，如果把他們驅逐出境，這座城市的經濟也會崩潰。被這座城市的傳說所吸引，每個移民都想到這里來尋求一種對過去、個人以及政治生活的解脫。對于這樣的移民來說，紐約是給了他第二次生命的城市。
46.B【精析】主旨題。根據第一段內容可知，當今有三種不同類型的紐約人：第一種表現得好像他們生來就在紐約;第二種雖然在紐約卻希望生活在別處;第三種是來自全世界的一群希望生活在紐約的虛擬的紐約人。這是三種不同的心態，其共同點是憧憬和幻想。事實上，這是一座夢想家的城市。故選B。
47.C 【精析】細節題。根據第二段第一、二句話：什么使得紐約與眾不同?紐約人確信紐約是獨一無二的。故選C。
48.C【精析】細節題。根據第三段第二句話：但是當今的紐約是美國最不平等的城市之一。故選C。
49.B【精析】細節題。根據第五段第一句話：他們來到這里是因為任何新來者都可以在紐約的不同層級中找到自己的位置。故選B。
50.A【精析】推斷題。根據最后一段可知，紐約吸納了各種移民者(不論是否合法)來促進自己城市的經濟發展。由此可以推知，紐約是一個寬容的城市，故選A。
閱讀 part A Text2
我們讀過很多文章是關于漂亮的人抱著嬰兒，嬰兒會盯著看得時間更久，并且會哭得更少;也聽過一些傳說關于長得好的人在學校的表現更好。并且會受到老師的特殊照顧。在生活中，正如在愛情中一樣，漂亮的人似乎生活得更容易。但是如果我們告訴你，在網上約會時，長得好看可能會傷害你，你會怎么樣?根據一家互聯網約會網站——0K丘比特最近一項針對43，000名用戶所做的調查，男人越是不喜歡一位女士的外貌，最終越是可能喜歡上她。對于尋求另一半的女士來說，這意味著什么呢?“我們現在有絕對的證據表明你不應該隱藏自己的缺點，”該網站的合伙創辦人——克里斯丁·盧德說。“如果你有點胖，突出它。如果你鼻子大，突出它。統計數據表明，不喜歡你的缺點的人只會幫助你，然而喜歡的人會更加興奮。”
這個研究結果最終強調了，最近的科學研究確實支持了這一觀點。該觀點是：漂亮可能會有好處，但是在互聯網上，正如在工作和生活中一樣，太有吸引力的女性并不總是有優勢。美麗帶采更多的競爭，女性受到的教育是為了得到男人、工作以及日常的滿足，她們必須比其他女性長得好看;而男性競爭是為了獲得最好的戰利品。這一切可能有助于解釋為什么47%的招聘單位都認為長得太好看的女性可能會受苦;為什么女性同伴們對于長得好看的女性更加挑剔;最后一點，為什么在OK丘比特網站男性最終找的都是不怎么吸引人的女性——因為這減少了很多對手。“如果你覺得其他男性不感興趣，那意味著更少的競爭，”盧德解釋說。“你可能認為：可能她很孤獨….可能她只是等著找一位欣賞她的男士…，至少我不會迷失在人群巾，”最終，長得好看總是幸運的，但是有時候與養眼相比還有更多可以成為優勢的方面。
51.A【精析】細節題。文章第一段詳細介紹了這一點：我們讀過很多文章是關于嬰兒由漂亮的人抱著，會盯著看得時間更久，并且會哭得更少;也聽過一些傳說關于長得好的人在學校的表現也更好，并且受到老師的特殊照顧。在生活中，正如在愛情中一樣，漂亮的人似乎生活得更容易點。故選A。
52.D【精析】細節題。根據第二段可知，0K丘比特最近針對43，000名用戶所做的調查顯示，男人越是不看好一位女士的外貌，最終越是可能會喜歡上她。故選D。
53.C【精析】細節題。根據第二段可知，克里斯丁·盧德建議女士們不要隱藏自己的缺點，要突出它。故選C。
54.A【精析】細節題。根據第四段第二句可知，女性同伴們對于長得好的女性更加挑剔，故選A。
55.B【精析】推斷題。根據第四段可知，美麗引起更多的競爭，很多招聘單位都認為長得太好看的女性可能容易受苦;女性同伴們對于長得好的女性更加挑剔;在OK丘比特網站男性最終找的都是不怎么吸引人的女性。因此可推知，女性的美貌不總是帶來優勢，有時候也會帶來不利。故選B。
閱讀 part A Text 3
參考譯文
露營一直是孩子們夢想的事，卻是父母們焦慮的事。l9世紀80年代，許多中產階級家庭擔心工業社會中斷了與邊遠地區的聯系。男孩們長大可能變得很女性化：他們有太多時間與媽媽、老師們待在一起，沒有參加足夠多適合男人的活動。因此，早期的露營目的是要把虛弱的男孩們帶出家庭，進入到森林中去，使得他們對健康的追求能夠與實踐性知識相結合。
第一批露營者是荒野游客;今天的荒野是指任何沒有信號的地方。允許帶手機會與露營活動有矛盾：如果l9世紀露營者的目的是重新獲取已經丟失的生存技巧，那么21世紀的露營者需要鍛煉的是他們的社交技巧。他們經常缺乏一些基本的交流技巧;對于數字化有著很強的意識：不太懂得與別人分享空間、分享物品或者分享他們身邊成年人的關注。對于那些獲準在晚餐時發短信的孩子們以及無論何時有了麻煩或需要便車時.父母總是在身邊的孩子們來說，自我管理的能力總是姍姍來遲。
大多數露營要求孩子們把電話留在家里，對于這種情況的抵制常常來自父母而不是來自孩子。我們知道父母們送孩子們去露營的時候總是給他們準備兩部電話，這樣他們可以上交一部，還能偷偷留下一部來打電話。父母們會質問露營指導者們為什么他們不能和孩子用電話聯系。有些服務機構會讓營地發一些消息和圖片來讓家人覺得他們好像也在營地里和孩子們在一起。但是這也會引發一些問題，比如：為什么約翰看起來很傷心或者詹妮的褲子怎么破了。雖然營地會在不同程度上屈從父母們的要求，他們仍然努力告訴我們：孩子們需要暫時脫離我們全身心的關懷和無盡的期待。露營會增強孩子們的獨立性，孩子們學會自己解決問題以及求助同伴和指導老師都是這一經歷的重要部分。這其中的含義很明顯。他們生篝火，玩捉迷藏，做一些平時認為不適合做的臟兮兮的事。并沒有什么好擔心的，媽媽。
56.A【精析】細節題。根據第二段第二句可知，19世紀露營者的目的是重新獲取已經丟失的生存技巧。故選A。
57.A【精析】細節題。根據第二段第一句可知，今天的荒野是指任何沒有信號的地方。故選A。
58.C【精析】細節題。根據第二段第三句：他們缺乏一些基本的交流技巧;對于數字化有著很強的意識…。因此可知，現在的孩子很擅長運用數字化設備。故選C。
59.D【精析】細節題。根據第三段最后兩句可知，有些服務機構會讓營地發一些消息和圖片來讓家人覺得他們好像也在營地里和孩子們在一起。但是這也會引起一些問題比如：為什么約翰看起來很傷心或者詹妮的褲子怎么破了。這會讓父母們更加擔心。故選D。
60.B【精析】推斷題。根據最后一段我們知道，很多父母把孩子們送去露營，但是并不是很放心，然而露營機構卻認為父母們應該對孩子們放手，讓孩子們學會獨立。故選B。
閱讀 Part B
下面這段文字是5個人對于成為素食主義者的不同觀點。
勞里：
無論是出于對動物的同情還是對自己健康的關心，我們都很欣慰地看到人們開始意識到吃食物鏈上端的食物并沒有什么好處。晚餐不一定需要肉。工廠化農場經營既野蠻又殘忍。生活中每一個減少動物肉攝取的人都在做著拯救生命的事。
杰夫：
我準備做一名素食主義者，但是在我們國家，農民、食品生產商、飯店以及超市都不準備支持我。我們都知道在麥當勞或者中國的外賣店買一個漢堡，或從超市買一只烤雞要比花時間去買菜、配菜以及做出一頓美味、營養、令人滿意的素食餐更加方便和便宜。
羅德：
關于素食主義者我聽說過另外一個術語：眼睛如珠的素食主義者。他們會吃一些眼睛如珠子般大小的動物(魚、雞)，但是不吃長有很芯很悲傷眼睛的動物(牛、羊)。我的一個朋友解釋說他只吃他認為自己能夠殺死的動物。他認為他能殺死魚而殺不死牛。這一理論似乎要比我曾經聽過的其他理論更加誠實和一致。
杰里：
作為一名道德上的素食主義者，我發現人們對于我們社會中的素食主義原則有著極大的誤解。雖然一些人由于健康原因不吃肉食，但是我們道德上的素食主義者既不想動物們為我們而活，也不想它們為我們而死。現實中有的動物活著就為了成為人們的食物、服裝和科學試驗品。所有的動物都應該為了自己而活，而不是為了我們。
艾倫：
為什么有些人會認為動物和人類一樣呢?在我看來，人的生命比動物的生命有價值得多。我認為我們不應該把肉食者看做殺戮者。素食主義者也殺死蔬菜的生命。這有什么不同呢?吃蔬菜和肉;兩者都對你的健康有益，使你能夠獲取你的身體所需要的所有營養。
61.G【精析】主旨題。勞里認為無論是出于對動物的同情還是對自己健康的關心，我們很欣慰地看到人們開始意識到吃食物鏈上端的食物并沒有什么好處。故選G。
62.F【精析】主旨題。杰夫認為在他們國家根本就沒有適合素食主義者就餐的環境，吃肉反而又方便又便宜，即使很多人想做素食主義者，也難以辦到。故選F。
63.B【精析】主旨題。羅德認為有些素食主義者只是不吃那些長有很大很悲傷眼睛的動物，他們實際上也吃一些很小的動物。故選B。
64.A【精析】細節題。杰里認為所有的動物都應該為了自己而活，而
不是為了我們。故選A。
65.D【精析】推斷題。艾倫說人的生命比動物的生命有價值得多，人們不應該把肉食者看做殺戮者，素食主義者也殺死蔬菜的生命，這沒什么不同。可推斷出，艾倫認為那些素食主義者過分強調了動物的生命，故選D。
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