2015年12月四級仔細閱讀參考答案
2015年12月19日全國大學英語四級考試聽力部分已結束，本次考試為多題多卷，以下為四級選詞填空參考答案：
Everybody sleeps—so goes the Sesame Street song meant for obstinately awake children。 That may be true， but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture。
Around the world， people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time。 Russians， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time” starting on October 26。
Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays。 One such spike was on New Year’s Eve， which Russians tend to ring in with unusual fervor， as well as on World War II Victory Day。 According to another Jawbone finding， Russians have the world‘s latest bedtime on December 31， hitting the hay at around 3：30 a.m。
Russians also got up an hour later on International Women’s Day， the day for coddling and celebrating female relatives。
Similarly， Americans’ late nights， late mornings， and longest sleeps coincided with three-day weekends。
Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey final。
The World Cup was also a major sleep-deprivation culprit。 The worst night for sleep in the U.K。 was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14。 Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it， and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights， the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime。 That was nothing， though， compared to Germans， Italians， and the French， who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup。
It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations， it’s likely that only the richest people do。 And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person。 Even if that’s the case， though， the above findings are still striking。 If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year， how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
參考答案及解析
61題，定位到第一段最后一句“varies by culture”，所以答案選A——They are culture-related。
62題，由題干的大寫名詞Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day”這一句是干擾句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他們比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays”，所以答案為C——They don’t sleep much on holidays。
63題，題干問的是歐洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由題干的大寫名詞Europeans’ loss定位到倒數第二段的“compared to Germans， Italians， and the French， who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup”，原文的Germans， Italians， and the French就是題干中“Europeans”的同義改寫，而他們stayed up就是為了to watch the Cup，所以說他們缺乏睡眠的原因便是C選項——The World Cup。
64題，問的是富有的人使用設備來記錄他們的睡眠模式的原因。由rich people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只說到了記錄的事實，而非其原因。按照四級閱讀金三句原則看到定位句的下一句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person”，記錄睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——They want to get sufficient sleep。
65題，問的是作者在最后一段所表達的觀點，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year， how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 作者提到了health-conscious，人們對健康的意識是缺乏的，對健康是視而不見的，所以答案選B——Few people really know the importance of sleep。
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